During the late 19th and early 20th century, China, Japan and Russia all struggled for control over Manchuria. In the 1900s, Russia was permitted to build a railway track connecting Manchuria with Vladivostock and Harbin became an important railway town.

The influence of Heilongjiang northern neighbor can be seen today in the architecture. Harbin has unique examples of buildings influenced by the architectural styles of Tzarist Russia, featuring domes and spires and there are also a few Russian orthodox churches. Daoli district has the best examples of European influenced architecture.

From January to March every year the Harbin ice festival is the largest tourist attraction in the city. The Chinese art of carving snow and ice is demonstrated with enthusiasm. Fantastic statues, from full size palaces to intricately carved animals, are exhibited throughout the city for the amazement of all who brave the northern winter to visit.